Sonochemical reactions

Three classes of sonochemical reactions exist: homogeneous sonochemistry of liquids, heterogeneous sonochemistry of liquid-liquid or solid–liquid systems, and, overlapping with the aforementioned, sonocatalysis (the catalysis or increasing the rate of a chemical reaction with ultrasound). Sonoluminescence is a consequence of the same cavitation phenomena that is responsible for homogeneous sonochemistry. The chemical enhancement of reactions by ultrasound has been explored and has beneficial applications in mixed phase synthesis, materials chemistry, and biomedical uses. Because cavitation can only occur in liquids, chemical reactions are not seen in the ultrasonic irradiation of solids or solid–gas systems.

For example, in chemical kinetics, it has been observed that ultrasound can greatly enhance chemical reactivity in a number of systems by as much as a million-fold;[16] effectively acting to activate heterogeneous catalysts. In addition, in reactions at liquid-solid interfaces, ultrasound breaks up the solid pieces and exposes active clean surfaces through microjet pitting from cavitation near the surfaces and from fragmentation of solids by cavitation collapse nearby. This gives the solid reactant a larger surface area of active surfaces for the reaction to proceed over, increasing the observed rate of reaction. 

While the application of ultrasound often generates mixtures of products, a paper published in 2007 in the journal Nature described the use of ultrasound to selectively affect a certain cyclobutane ring-opening reaction. Atul Kumar has reported multicomponent reaction Hantzsch ester synthesis in Aqueous Micelles using ultrasound.

Some water pollutants, especially chlorinated organic compounds, can be destroyed sonochemically.

Sonochemistry can be performed by using a bath (usually used for ultrasonic cleaning) or with a high power probe, called an ultrasonic horn, which funnels and couples a piezoelectric element's energy int

See also

Ultrasound

Sonication

Ultrasonics

ultrasonic homogenizer

homogenizer

Homogenization (chemistry)

Sonoelectrochemistry

Kenneth S. Suslick

1. Can your sonochemistry horn be used in an acid (alkali) environment?

Under the acid (alkali) environment, the horn need to be customized according to the actual working conditions of customers.

2. Can the ultrasonic sonochemistry work continuously?

Yes , it can work 24hours continue.

3. What kind of material is the horn?

Titanium alloy, we also  customized ceramic horn for customer before.

4. What’s the time of delivery

 For Conventional horn, 3 days, for customized horn 7 work days.

5. Does ultrasonic extraction also require the addition of a chemical catalyst?

No , but some time need Mechanical stirring.

6. What’s the advantage of ultrasonic extraction?

Decline the extraction time, and increase the extraction ratio.

7. What’s the Processing capacity of one set ultrasonic extraction equipment?

Different horn different Processing capacity, for 2000W Nine-section whip horn can dealing 2L~10L/min.

8. Are you manufacturer?

We only manufacturer the transducer and generator our-self, for the horn , we design and buy raw material ,and process by other companies.

9. What’s the warranty of your sonochemistry equipment?

All equipment one year warranty.

10. Do you have Foreign agent?

No, our price already very low for everyone, no agent. We have OEM customer in USA and Germany.

11. Is it difficult to install the ultrasonic sonochemistry equipment?

No , it is easy , we will share Installation diagram, also can take install video for you.